Sunday, November 18, 2012

What does Accountability Mean to Us?


     Accountability is an important focus of our project in spreading awareness about Sexual Assault at DePaul.  Before the DePaul community can be held accountable for the rise in sexual assaults on campus, students need to become accountable for the words they say, for their actions and for their role in the violence within the community.  By being an active bystander to negative words, phrases or actions of your peers, the role of being an accountable community member is diminished.  In order for the community to be held accountable, the members within the community are also held accountable.


     "Accountable Communities shifts the emphasis from a collective process for holding individuals accountable for their behavior to individual and collective responsibility for building a community where robust accountability is possible, expected, and likely" (Ching-In Chen, 273).  This is extremely important in today's culture of the prison industrial system.  If we are trying to hold each other accountable and work towards a world with less violence, then we need to be aware of how we create more violence through the criminal legal system in respect to survivors and perpetrators.  Prison may be viewed as a way to seek justice for some, but it can also be more damaging--not to mention that there is little to no transformation of the imprisoned.  


     As community members, we must work to hold each other accountable in the situations that may be labeled as small or insignificant, as well as the more blatant instances of violence.   Something like Accountability Teams can be a powerful tool that can take place in different forms.  In The Revolution Starts at Home we read about a specific case study that has a powerful effect on all the members of the community by bringing the situation into the light while still being mindful of survivor sensitivity (Chen, Dulani, & 
Piepzna-Samarasinha 2011).  Through visibility to issues of violence within a community, we have a foundation to build off of.  There is a community and responsibility to improve the larger community that we are a part of.  By taking part in groups that work to process and heal from violence, there is an increase in the understanding and knowledge of these greater systems and commonalities.  Through this greater understanding, we can work to better understand how to work against these forms of oppression (Hernandez 2002).  Through sharing stories, we can gain a better foundation to work against injustices.

     By hosting a writing workshop on Sexual Assault and Awareness at DePaul we are hoping that the participants can shed a new light into their lives.  In Ending the Cycle of Abuse, Nye states, " It is often very difficult for an individual to observe [their] own experience in retrospect with any kind of objectivity.  But the stories that the others told could tap those unexpressed feelings and result in deep expressions of grief.  Listening to the sordid stories of other group members had a cathartic value for all, especially when the stories were told with a full range of feeling." (Ney, 25-26) This will hopefully prove that creative writing will work to create accountability by sharing their stories with others in the group. 


      Being accountable does not end with sharing personal stories or speaking up but it is redefining what "victim" means.  "Defining a relationship in victim-victimizer terms tends to prescribe rather than elicit what is going on between people. It tends to work from the presumption that victims and victimizers are in opposition to each other and ignores the dialectic process that shapes all relationships overtime." Taking accountability is an important factor when discussing labeling.  These are continuums that we all take a part in, and sharing stories can aid in realizing that.  


     Students at DePaul need to realize that a majority of sexual assaults, that happen on or off campus,   are by an acquaintance or someone that the victim knows well (this is consistent with the larger society's statistics as well).  This means that students need to be held accountable for their actions as well as their language, because the fact is--you never know who in your classroom is a survivor of sexual violence or has been greatly affected by this issue.  


     The words people choose to say can greatly impact the overall well being of individuals within the community, but also affect how the speaker spreads different ideas that are grounded in rape culture. So, being accountable is crucial in the process of healing and increasing awareness of sexual assaults of fellow community members. 


      Being held accountable is an expectation we have for the students, faculty and staff within the DePaul community.  It is a privilege, and we are working to spread awareness to DePaul and increase the accountability and transparency of sexual violence on campus and how it affects the community as a whole in addition to its members. 


Chen, Ching-In, Jai Dulani, and Leah L. Piepzna-Samarasinha. The Revolution Starts at Home:  Confronting Intimate Violence Within Activist Communities. New York: South End Press, 2011.


Ney, Philip G., Anna Peters, Mary S. Gilbert, and Linda Forrest. "Ending the Cycle of Abuse: The Stories of Women Abused as Children and the Group Therapy Techniques That Helped Them Heal." Psychology of Women Quarterly. 20.4 (1996): 612. Print.
-source work Sam




Chen, Ching-In, Jai Dulani, and Leah L. Piepzna-Samarasinha (2011). The Revolution Starts at Home:  Confronting Intimate Violence Within Activist Communities. New York: South End Press.

Hernández, Pilar (01/01/2002). "Resilience and human rights       activism in womens' life stories." in Comprehensive Handbook of Psychotherapy, Interpersonal/Humanistic/Existential: Vol. 3: Interpersonal - Humanistic - Existential (0-471-38626-X, 978-0-471-38626-1), (p. 413).
-source work Emily


-Samantha Bentson and Emily Edwards


Organizations with Relavant Goals

Five organizations that have relavant goals to what we are trying to accomplish at DePaul are Catharsis Theater, Imagination Theater, Rape Victim Advocates, Voices and Faces Project, and A Long Walk Home.  These organizations focus on using creative writing in theatre, storytelling, poetry, and in group therapy sessions focused on topics that create proactive conversations about sexual assault awareness and healing.



Catharsis Productions's "mission is to reduce interpersonal violence by producing artistically innovative and research-supported programming that challenges oppressive attitudes transforms behavior, and inspires communities to create a world without violence. 

We educate audiences on challenging social issues in unexpected ways.  Our programs encourage genuine dialogue  using humor audience interaction and dynamic theatrical media to overcome the traditional defensiveness and preconceptions about these issues.  We look to engage students in tough conversations about interpersonal violence, in particular on the topics of sexual assault, sexual harassment  and oppression.  We challenge mainstream beliefs and myths, enabling individuals to challenge their positions of power and privilege  question the cultural values they take for granted, and hold themselves accountable for their actions.  It is our hope that views and behaviors can be changed once audiences become attuned to their moral responsibilities in their interpersonal and public domains, and that the seeds of long-term change may be planted as a result of our efforts. "
-Catharsis Productions


"We provide diverse audiences with original, dynamic, participatory theatrical programming that enhances well-being and creates a more civil and safe society.

Imagination Theater specializes in programming that engages audience members to participate rather than merely observe. Our performances enable audiences to explore complex issues in safe environments, empowering audience members and strengthening communities. We offer programming for all ages. Our social and health issues presentations are geared for kindergarten through high school. College 101 is perfect for college freshmen and Senior Spotlight is directed toward senior citizens."
-Imagination Theater

No Secrets (Children's Sexual Abuse Prevention Program) 
"Imagination Theater created the Children’s Sexual Abuse Prevention Program (CSAPP) in 1985. Since then, CSAPP has evolved into one of Imagination Theater’s largest programs. CSAPP is entirely grant funded, allowing Imagination Theater to provide this vital curriculum to Chicago Public Schools free of charge. The play No Secrets is offered in three age-appropriate versions (K-2nd, 3rd-5th, and 6th-8th grades). No Secrets provides students with critical information about personal body safety, illuminates the difference between a good touch and a bad touch, and teaches how to report abuse to an adult. Imagination Theater partners with several different organizations to bring this crucial program to CPS schools.Rape Victim Advocates provides educators to help schools prepare for CSAPP as well as on-site counselors on performance days. The Chicago Children’s Advocacy Center conducts training sessions for the social workers of recipient schools. Communities in Schools of Chicago helps Imagination Theater bring CSAPP to those schools most in need of such services. For more information or to discuss bringing CSAPP to your school, please call us at (773) 327-6788. "
-Imagination Theater

Imagination Theater were the proud recipients of the 2011 Visionary Award from Rape Victim Advocates. 

       Both organizations offer programs for schools and are based on Augusto Boal's theatre theory. Boal's theory is based off of audience interaction.  A show will be composed of scenes and the scenes and held by a facilitator. The facilitator will break up the scenes to call to audience discussion and having audience members get up on stage to present better solutions.  Boal theory is based on social justice, which both of these companies work to accomplish and teach.

    Augusto Boal is "best known for his work in Theatre of the Oppressed... Boal and his colleges challenged contemporary theatrical realism." Boal also came up with "the development of the forum theatre" which led Boal to "see the value of giving spectators the opportunity to discover their own solutions to their collective problems by participating in the action of a scene." (44-45, Moore) Boal is an incredible theater artist that works for social change, there aren't very many other theater companies that use his theater theories in Chicago, because it is such a hard technique to use.  With that being said, Imagination Theater and Catharsis Productions implement his techniques in the best way possible.  Working with so many individuals across the nation, addressing issues of social justice around Sexual Assault. 
            All of Imagination Theater's performances are held at schools of all ages. Their No Secrets programming is for elementary schools and middle schools, to start conversations about awareness of sexual assaults.  They use tools to educate students on what "good touches and bad touches are" as well as having the students name 5 people in their lives they can go to, if they were in a situation where they would need to contact an adult if any sexual abuse, or harassment took place.  Their programming also talks about sending nude picture text messages and how in Illinois it is illegal to do so because it is considered Child Pornography.  Catharsis is geared towards an older audience.  
      I would assume that Catharsis named their theater company based on one of Boal's techniques called "Catharsis" which meant "'dynamisation'... that was brought about by focusing on the action itself...removing obstacles and identifying the wishes of the participants." (47, Moore) The audience demographic that Catharsis is geared towards are high school, college students and adults.  Catharsis's subject matter, is a lot more similar to what we are trying to accomplish with this project, simply because they address rape, accountability and redefining the proper meanings of consent. 

Both of these organizations work closely with Rape Victim Advocates (RVA) to properly discuss sexual assault. 

  


Moore, Philip. Acting out : Therapy for Groups. Aldershot, Hants, England: Brookfield, Vt. : Arena, 1997. Print. 

-Samantha Bentson



RVA

Rape Victim Advocates

RVA is an Illinois not-for-profit organization made up of many individuals with two primary goals: to assure that survivors of sexual assault are treated with dignity and compassion; and to affect changes in the way the legal system, medical institutions and society as a whole respond to survivors.

RVA focuses on both social service and social change. They have a presence in Chicago area emergency rooms to provide nonjudgmental emotional support to victims of sexual violence; provide basic legal and medical information, and referrals to other service organizations to help the survivor make informed decisions. 
RVA works with the Chicago Police Department, the Cook County State's Attorney's Office and other area institutions to strive to improve the treatment of survivors as a group in our society.  

RVA offers three distinct program areas: Counseling (individual and group), Advocacy(legal and medical) and Education & Training.  RVA uses creative writing in different forums, but especially in group therapy.  "Voicing Truth: Writing Workshop" was a therapy group that focused on the empowerment and healing through creative writing.  Voicing Truth offered writing and storytelling as a tool for healing, transformation and celebration to survivors of sexual violence and to those who advocate for change and justice in issues of sexuality.


A Long Walk Home

Founded in 2003, A Long Walk Home, Inc. is a 501 (c) non-profit that uses art therapy and the visual and performing arts to end violence against girls and women.  ALWH features the testimonies and art by survivors and their allies in order to provide safe and entertaining forums through which the public can learn about healing from and preventing gender violence.

A Long Walk Home, Inc. provides many different outlets and mediums for survivors to express themselves, and empower others to make positive social change.  ALWH focuses a lot on visual arts, music and theatre performance, but survivors first write their own stories to share.  Creative writing and personal narrative is a strong tool to utilize in these settings so that people can express themselves and tell their story in the way that they wish to.  



The Voices and Faces Project


The Voices and Faces Project is a non-profit nation survivor network created to give a voice and face to rape survivors, providing a sense of solidarity and possibility to those who have lived through sexual violence.  Their mission is to create a national network of survivors willing to stand up and speak out about sexual violence.  They have a network of survivors that speak to different groups about sexual violence.  They work to bring visibility to the issue of sexual violence.

When putting names, faces, and stories to sexual violence, it brings these issues into the light.  People write and share their stories which can be empowering for many people.  Others are able to read these stories and see that sexual violence takes many forms, and affects many different people in unique and challenging ways.  The writing of these stories has started a movement across the U.S. to work towards ending silence of rape survivors and try to create changes in our society as well as policies around sexual violence.  This organization utilizes the stories of those willing to share in order to work together to build awareness and better policies and knowledge around sexual violence issues.

      These organizations all utilize the power of expression through creative writing in different ways, but all working around sexual violence issues.  Empowerment, healing, and activism are all crucial in this movement and these organizations use creative writing to work in all of these different arenas.  

     There have been several studies on the benefits of sharing stories and experiences to enhance healing within communities.  In a study called "Wounded healing: Forming a storytelling community in Hip-Hop Lit." it details the importance of personal narratives and sharing the suffering that one has witnesses (Hill 2009).  This serves as a form of release and relief for themselves, and this is what happens within creative writing forums and communities as well.

     Sharing is important, but community support is also necessary in these circles.  These issues are very complex, and bringing visibility to them is only the first step.  One must seek support and support others on this journey to healing.  The journey of healing can also encourage activism and advocacy, similar to the Voices and Faces Project.  Community is a strong foundation and catalyst for activism.  

     We hear of small groups of people getting together and sharing stories that ignites a flame that is fanned by the encouragement, passion, and support that can be fostered in community.  As an example, there was a case study done in 1992 titled, "Healing Their Wounds: Guatemalan Refugee Women as Political Activists."  This author, Deborah Light, studied the importance of community when healing, but also when speaking out and working for justice.  Support within a community can serve as a strong foundation and catalyst for both social and political activism (Light 1992).  Community can eliminate some levels of isolation and helplessness that create a climate for activism.






Hill, Marc Lamont (01/01/2009). "Wounded healing: Forming a storytelling community in Hip-Hop Lit.". Teachers College record (1970) (0161-4681), 111 (1), p. 248.


Light, Deborah (12/1992). "Healing Their Wounds: Guatemalan Refugee Women as Political Activists". Women & therapy (0270-3149), 13 (3), p. 297.

-Emily Edwards

Personal Creative Writing

I had never known what the power of healing was until I was in high school.  My drama teacher assigned us to write a monologue about a personal life experience that was hard to overcome.  I chose to write about sexual assault, this was the first time I was able to use creativity as a tool to overcome a personal life experience and I truly believe that it helped me heal. I enjoy sharing this piece with others because it is a way of sharing what I was going through at the time.  When I compare the monologue to where I am in life right now, I know I have come leaps and bounds from this point in my life.  I hope this monologue will inspire others to use creative writing as a tool of expression, and as an asset to their journeys of healing. 

I am a liar. 
You’re a liar. 
We are all liars. 
People lie for all sorts of reasons: to protect others from the truth, but mostly to protect oneself.

It’s funny, watching things you used to love as simple as music and movies turn into the trigger of a gun.

 Setting the scene to your traumatic experience:

Images that are locked deep down in a box, that get hurled to the surface,

 almost rolling off the tip of your tongue. 

All you can do is swallow the tears and force them back into that box.

It’s amazing to watch perspectives of people change over time.
 What once was responsible for plastering a smile across your face, now, vanishes in an instant at the very thought of him.
 Forcing my stomach to turn 
sending a flash of memories that flood my thoughts and take me back to the past. 
The past that haunts my thoughts,
 the ones no one knows because I keep them locked in that box way down inside of me. 

I was 15.
 Young and naïve. 
The world was at my fingertips. 
He was friends with my friends, charming, funny and easy to talk to.
 I melted just at the sight of him. 
I was so happy to find someone that liked me for me.

Most of the time lying works, but on occasion his face appears, or something that reminds me of him and chills race up and down my body 
and I lose track of what I am doing. 
I don’t know how or why it happened? 
All I know is that it did. 
I will never forget the feeling. 
The feeling of being taken advantage of, letting myself think what happened, could never happen to me, even though I knew it did. 
Especially letting myself forgive him, after all he did to me.

I never heard a word from him again.
He got what he wanted, and the interest he once had in me faded.
If you were me, you’d lie too.

-Sam Bentson



          I chose to share this piece because it shares some of the struggles, but also the hope and empowerment through creative writing.  It is important to have creative writing because you don't have to tell the story to someone who is judging and deciding legal actions or punishments--it is simply for yourself.  It fosters your own growth and healing in however you want to personally express yourself.  There is a feeling of empowerment when you can share and say what you want instead of what someone else needs or wants to know to fill out a form.  Imagery through words help me express myself, but also feel connected to others--and that is another benefit of creative writing.




I sit in a brown paper bag in the back of a dark closet.
I’m a beautiful spring orange,
Both flattering and flirty.
A contrast of light in the dark night.

I would make anyone feel beautiful.
My flowing fabric, gathered perfectly at her waist.
Showing off her gentle curves.

Was this because of me?
Made her too desirable to a stranger.
Torn off by someone else.
Someone that didn’t belong…
Someone that would change everything…

She didn’t want him there.
I was just torn off and thrown to the floor.
Witnessed this terrible violence,
The tears; the fleeing of a stranger.

I now sit in this brown paper bag… just waiting.

I was once a beautiful spring orange dress,
But now I’m evidence.
Evidence from that night…

That night that will never leave her heart.
That night that keeps her from trusting again.
That night that he stole a piece of her.
That night that changed everything.
That night I stopped being just a dress.

I am no longer just a dress,
no longer an object to throw to the ground
I am ready to leave this place of darkness
to break free of the barriers of this paper bag.

I’m ready to give someone else a chance.

I am beautiful, I am flirty, I am bountiful
I am a new beginning.
I am ready.

That night I stopped being just a dress. 




-Emily Edwards

Quotes from Around DePaul

Here are a some of the quotes from the interviews for this research project on DePaul and Sexual Assault and Awareness. 

All of the interviewers are DePaul students and the photos were taken across the campus.  No matter what part of the DePaul community you are from, Sexual Assault and Awareness affects you and those around you.



"Everything and anything deserves consent."



"We need to live up to what our student                         "Sex is not something you obtain from
handbook says but also constantly                                others, but a mutually pleasurable experience-
examining it to make it better."                                     students need to understand this."
"The journey of healing is riddled with pain, fear, distrust, anger, frustration, tears, fighting, loss, estrangement, abandonment, confusion, and hopelessness. And once you get through all that; battered and bruised, they you seen happiness, acceptance, order, and grace"


"Society has deemed the phrase "boys will be boys" as quasi-"normal,"
 making it acceptable for men to sleep around and just blame it on their hormones." 



"Did you know there has been an uprising of sexual assaults on DePauls Campus?"



"We own every aspect of our own bodies."            

"To spread more awareness of sexual assault on campus,           "Most sexual assaults that happen
we should add an extra section of sexual health into the              on campus are in dorms by people  
Common Hour programming."                                                    you know."


"Sexual Assaults are far more common than any of us want to  believe."                                                                                    "I live life under the assumption that 
                                                                                                   every person I meet could be a survivor
                                                                                                   of a completed or attempted sexual
                                                                                                    assault."


"Pre-care is the most important. With more pre-care there would be far less need for post-care."




               "By saying things like, "I rade that test" creates an atmosphere where sexual assault is a casual thing."






"Men have more sexual energy"-This is entirely FALSE. It's a cop out."








"Ignorance of sexual assault comes from jokes being make when someone says "this game is raping me." This means people are unaware of words and their connotative meaning."

 "People are uncomfortable opening up their minds to sexual assaults, that do no fir the definitions provided for them.  This is problematic because it creates spaces where survivors have to defend their experiences  feel shamed or have their experiences denied because of the languages we use."


* all interviewers asked to remain anonymous.*

-Samantha Bentson